• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Haubits (100) suitable for placement on a ground plane (1), the howbits (100) comprising single-barreled tubes (2) arranged to fire a projectile (5), wherein the sub-tubular tube (2) defines a barrel-axis (3) and has a mouth (2a) towards the front end of the howitzer (100) and a back piece (2b) towards the rear part of the howitzer (100); a cradle (4) arranged to hold the barrel (2) at an azimuth and a slope; a recoil adjustment mechanism so that the cradle (4) can move along the barrel shaft (3) (4); a layer (6) of the azimuth of the cannon; and a clutch for changing the relative cradle to change the inclination of the bearing.
    公开号:SE534055C2
    申请号:SE0802580
    申请日:2008-12-16
    公开日:2011-04-12
    发明作者:David Andrew Eaglestone
    申请人:Bae Systems Plc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    20 25 30 35 534 055 2 the barrel shaft. Consequently, the distance between the height direction pins and the main ground contact point affects a torque arm. The arrangement of base plate and saddle provides saddle for the cannon and thus in a disadvantageous manner large bending moments are induced in the base plate, the saddle and associated joints when the cannon fires a projectile, especially during the recoil.
    Thus, the base plate, saddle and joints must be robust enough to withstand these forces.
    Such robust designs tend to contribute to the weight of the base plate, saddle and joints.
    It is known that it is desirable for howitzers to be lightweight. Lightweight howitzers are desirable because they can be transported by a larger number of vehicles and because a larger number of them can be transported by a given transport vehicle. Thus, lightweight howitzers can be deployed faster than heavier alternatives.
    GB23l3l78 describes a lightweight howitzer that is suitable for firing 155 mm bullets. In the present invention, the countercooling torque moments of the cannon are affected not only by an arrangement of base plate and saddle but also by front trailing legs resting on the ground.
    The height direction pins are located near the ground along the axis of the recoil barrel to reduce the torque arm of the saddle and trailer legs, thus minimizing the bending moments during recoil. However, having a height direction pin near the floor and also on the recoil shaft makes the back piece less accessible. This is because the back piece must be displaced from the height direction pin along the recoil line so that the barrel can fully recoil without hitting either the cradle or the ground. The extended cradle that supports the back piece in this offset position blocks the operator's access to the back piece. Furthermore, the height of the back piece changes significantly from one slope to another due to the larger radius from the height direction pins.
    Such an inaccessible back piece increases load time and requires the provision of a specially adapted piston. An object of the present invention is to provide a howitzer which firstly has a directional mechanism which absorbs the firing forces for minimizing the bending stresses created in the weapon parts and which secondly has a back piece which is easily accessible. for the operating staff.
    According to the invention, there is provided a howitzer suitable for placement on a ground plane, the howitzer comprising: a barrel for firing a projectile, the barrel defining a barrel axis and having a sliding nozzle towards the front end of the howitzer and a rear piece towards the rear end. hos haubitsen; a cradle arranged to hold the barrel at an azimuth and a slope; a layer for changing the azimuth of the cannon; and a clutch mechanism for changing the inclination of the bearing.
    By lifting the part that affects the azimuth change (ie the bearing), the part that changes the slope does not need to be mounted on the bearing. The absence of such a part (eg the saddle in the light artillery) makes it possible for the bearing to be connected to the cradle of the cannon at a very reduced distance. This reduces the torque arm and so the bending stresses created in the gun support members are reduced.
    A further advantage is that it enables the back piece to be close to the height direction pins and the bearing so that when the inclination changes, the height of the back piece does not change appreciably and thus the back piece remains invariably accessible. This makes the operation of the weapon easier and can thus lead to an increase in firing speeds.
    Preferably, the coupling mechanism further comprises: a pivot body on which the bearing is mounted, the pivot body rotating about an upward axis of the pin so as to change the inclination of the bearing; a front leg arranged for contact with the ground at a main point of contact; a first rotatable joint connecting the front leg to the pivot body; a rear leg arranged for contact with the ground at a rearmost point of contact; and a second rotatable joint which connects the rear leg to the pivot body.
    This coupling enables the distance between the rearmost and the foremost ground contact point to be preferably substantially constant when the barrel, bearing and cradle are raised. Thus, if the ground clearance is sufficient to affect all counter-cooling tilting moments at zero inclination, the bearing can be lifted without fear that the howitz will be transformed into a structure in which the howitz tends to fall.
    Preferably, the height direction pin axis is defined by said second rotatable joint.
    Preferably, said first rotatable joint is arranged in front of said second rotatable joint so that when the pivot body rotates to change the inclination of the bearing, the front leg rotates relative to the pivot body.
    The front leg preferably comprises a front bracket extending substantially upwardly from said first rotatable joint, and the rear leg comprises a rear bracket extending substantially upwards from said second rotatable joint, and the howitzer further comprises a coupling rotatably coupled at one end of the front bracket and rotatably coupled at the other end of the rear bracket.
    The positioning of the rotatable joints on the pivot body and the provision of the coupling connecting the brackets create a mechanism whereby when the pivot body tilts in a first direction of rotation, the front leg rotates in a second direction of rotation which is opposite the first direction of rotation.
    Thus, the hind leg leans against the ground at a constant angle.
    The hubits preferably comprise: a rear leg comprising an elongate member; the axis of the hind leg which is defined by the elongate part; and an azimuth axis defined by the bearing and the axis of rotation of the bearing, the rear leg axis being able to intersect the azimuth plane over a plurality of cutting angles so that the center of the area, the rear leg, is substantially within the azimuth plane.
    This means that when the barrel is aimed at the center of its slope area, the barrel shaft is advantageously in line with the shaft of the rear leg and recoil forces are channeled directly into the ground. Thus, the bending stresses are minimized because the torque arm is substantially eliminated. Furthermore, even when the barrel is tilted away from the midpoint of its slope area, there will be a distinct vector component of the rear leg which is in line with the barrel which will transmit forces to the ground.
    It is especially preferred that the range is approximately 70 °.
    This area makes it possible for the barrel to have a significant slope area, but even at the extreme points in this area the barrel is only tilted towards the rear leg, at most by 35 °.
    Preferably, the front leg extends so that it rests on the ground at a forward ground contact point and the rear leg extends so that it rests on the ground at a rear ground contact point so that the front ground contact point is located below the barrel and substantially in front of the howitzer mass center so that it is able to counteract the tipping torque developed during countercooling.
    Preferably, therefore, the front and rear legs are at the edge of the howitzer's ground base and so they alone can counteract the forces that the howitzer experiences during firing so that the howitzer does not fall. The legs may be the only structures that are in contact with the ground.
    The front leg is preferably provided with an extension mechanism so that the front leg is extended when the bearing is tilted.
    This advantageously makes it possible for the ground contact point of the rear leg and the ground contact point of the front leg to have a substantially constant distance (referred to as a constant inclination) when the barrel is tilted.
    Preferably, the front leg further comprises a sleeve, one end of which is coupled to the pivot body in said first rotatable joint, and an arm slidable inside the sleeve; wherein the howitzer further comprises a compensating coupling which is rotatably coupled to the pivot body at a first coupling end and rotatably coupled to the arm at the second coupling end, so that said first coupling end is arranged behind said first rotatable joint.
    Preferably, this allows the bearing to tilt, maintains constant inclination and affects the elongation automatically while the rotation occurs, this automation being realized by the mechanical coupling and thus not requiring electronic operation which may unnecessarily increase the weight and tend to increase complexity.
    Preferably, the howitzer further comprises an actuator which is coupled between the pivot body and the front leg, inclination. for changing the bearing This advantageously means that the change of the slope can be realized by simply operating a part.
    An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the following figures, in which: Fig. 1 shows a side slope of an exemplary howitzer resting on a ground plane, the howitzer's fire tube being held at a first slope; Fig. 2 shows the howitzer according to Fig. 1, the fire tube of the howitzer being held at a second slope which is greater than the first; Fig. 3 shows a top view of the howitzer according to Fig. 1, the howitzer being held at an inclination of zero degrees; Fig. 4 shows a first geometric view of a suitable coupling for changing the slope of a bearing in addition to a coupling end of the front leg and a coupling end of the rear leg; Fig. 5 shows a geometric wire model view of the coupling according to Fig. 3 in addition to a coupling end of the front leg and a coupling end of the rear leg.
    With particular reference to Figs. 1, 23, the howitzer with the general reference numeral 100 will be described. A barrel 2 is shown which defines a barrel shaft 3. Barrel 2 has a mouth end 2a and a rear piece 2b. This barrel 2 is angled towards a ground plane 1 with a certain slope a and is angled to the paper plane In Fig. 1, approximately 35 'and said azimuth is zero. In Fig. 2, the slope is approximately 70 'and the azimuth is zero. In Fig. 3, the slope is 0 ”and the azimuth is zero. with a certain azimuth. is said inclination. The barrel 2 is held in position by a cradle 4 which encloses the barrel shaft 2 at the rear piece 2b. The cradle 4 is provided with a recoil mechanism (not shown) so that when a projectile 5 of caliber 155 mm is fired, the barrel can move backwards through the cradle 4 along the barrel shaft 3, the recoil mechanism also reacting to the launch of the projectile 5.
    The cradle 4 is connected to a pivot body 8 by means of a bearing 6. More specifically, a rotor part (not shown) of the bearing 6 is attached to the cradle 4 and a stator part (not shown) of the bearing 6 attached to the pivot body 8. Thus, the cradle 4, and consequently the barrel 2 held by the cradle 4 is rotated relative to the pivot body 8 about a bearing rotation axis 26 and in an azimuth rotation plane. Thus, the azimuth of the barrel can be varied.
    Referring now to Figures 4 and 5, the pivot body 8 is coupled to a portion of a front leg 10 by a first rotatable joint 11 and is coupled to a rear leg 12 with a second rotatable joint. 13. On the opposite side of the howitzer 100 about the side shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, a second front leg 210 is connected to the pivot body 8 by means of another rotatable joint 211 and a second rear leg 212 which are coupled to the pivot body 8 by means of yet another rotatable joint 213. The front legs 210 and 10 are rigidly connected by means of struts 44.
    Since the howitzer 106 is substantially symmetrical about its centerline and since the mechanism for tilting the barrel is identical on the hit side (front leg 11 rear leg 12) and the far side (front leg 210 rear leg 212), only the hit side mechanism will be described.
    The description is equally applicable to the equivalent parts of the far side.
    Pivot body 8 is also provided with a pivot joint 39 for coupling to a first end of a compensating coupling 38.
    Said first rotatable joint 11 is in front of said second rotatable joint 13. That is, said first rotatable joint 11 is closer to a main ground contact point 28 (leg 10 is in contact with the ground) than said second rotatable joint 13. Swivel joint 39 is arranged between said first 11 and said other 13 rotatable joints.
    The front leg 10 defines a shaft 41 for the front leg and comprises a sleeve 34 which is coaxially arranged with an arm 36. The sleeve 34 and the arm 36 are slidably connected; a portion of the arm 36 is inside the sleeve 34. The sleeve 34 is the part of the front leg 10 which is rigidly connected to said first rotatable joint 11.
    The sleeve 34 of the front leg 10 is rigidly connected to the sleeve of the opposite front leg 210 by means of struts 44 so that an H-shaped support is formed. The arm 36 is rotatably connected, towards its rearmost end, to (where the front compensating coupling 38 at said second coupling end. The arm 36 extends so that it rests on the ground 1 at the foremost ground contact point 28. 10 15 20 25 30 35 534 055 9 An actuator 42 in the form of a selectively expandable rod has a first and a second end, a point between these ends is rotatably connected to the pivot body 8 and thus forms a pivot joint on the pivot body 8 which is both front and top relative to the other pivot joints. end of the actuator 42 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 34 of the front leg 10.
    The front leg 10 further comprises a front bracket 16 extending upwards from said first rotatable joint 11 (i.e. the front bracket 16 extends away from the ground).
    The front bracket 16 is rotatably connected to a first end of a coupling 20. A corresponding rear coupling 18, which is arranged on the rear leg 12 and extends upwards from a second rotatable joint 13 (ie the rear bracket 18 extends away from the ground), is interconnected. with a second end of the coupling 20.
    The rear leg 12 includes an elongate portion 22 extending downwardly and rearwardly from said second rotatable joint 13 to a surface for contacting the ground 14 (such as a shovel). The rear leg 12 contacts the ground at the rearmost ground contact point 73. The elongate member 22 defines a shaft 24 for the rear leg.
    In Fig. 3, the front ground contact point 28 of the distal side is mounted on a retracted arm 236 and the front ground contact point 28 of the hit side wheels is mounted on a protruding arm 36. This illustrates the possible range of motion as the arms slide in front of the sleeves.
    In Fig. 3, the varying position of the back piece is also visible when it occupies a first azimuth firing position 2b (in line with the center line of the cannon) and a second azimuth firing position 2b '(at an extreme point of the azimuth range). All position adjustment of the back piece is easily accessible from the back of the cannon. 10 15 20 25 30 35 534 055 10 To increase the slope, the actuator expands (which in this embodiment is a hydraulic piston and cylinder). The rear leg 12 remains at substantially the same inclination. This causes the pivot body 8 to rotate about the axis 13 (the height direction pin axis) of said second rotatable joint for lifting the bearing 6.
    While the pivot body 8 rotates in a first direction, the front leg 10 is forced by the clutch 20 to rotate in the opposite direction.
    The coupling 20 presses on the front bracket 16 when the pivot body 8 increases the bearing inclination. The resulting rotation of the front leg 10 increases the angle of incidence between the axis 41 of the front leg and the ground plane 1.
    To maintain a slope between the rearmost 73 and the foremost 28 ground contact point, an extension mechanism extends the front leg 10.
    The inclination of the bearing 6 and the extension of the front leg 10 are simultaneous. The extension occurs as the arm 36 slides forward relative to the sleeve 34. This extension is actuated by the compensating coupling 38 which forces the arm 34 down the sleeve 36 while the pivot body 8 rotates counterclockwise about said second rotatable coupling 13.
    Alternatively, the inclination of compression of the actuator 42 is reduced. At the same time, the compensating coupling 38 strives to retract the arm 36 into the sleeve 34.
    The simultaneous extension and inclination increase (or equivalent, the simultaneous insertion and inclination decrease) strives to maintain the position of the main ground contact point 28 constant while the inclination varies. This eliminates the need to loosen and reattach the front leg 10 to the ground 1 between firing the cannon at different inclinations. Manual adjustments of the front leg 10 are therefore minimized or eliminated during screening. 10 15 20 25 30 35 534 055 11 The parts of the hubits are made of materials which can withstand the peak voltages and cyclic loads that will be experienced during operation. With this in mind, the shape of the parts will be selected according to the same criteria. The materials and shapes will be chosen so that the weight is minimized without sacrificing strength. Given this, for example, various steel alloys, titanium alloys and composites may be suitable materials. Those skilled in the art of howitz design are able to determine which materials and shapes would be best under such conditions.
    While the example described above specifically relates to a shotgun of caliber 155 mm, the invention is in no way limited to any particular caliber.
    For example, a howitzer according to the present invention could be provided for firing 105 mm bullets.
    While the example described above relates to a towed howitzer, the invention is equally applicable to self-propelled howitzer. In such embodiments, the front and rear legs would not necessarily be in contact with the ground but could be mounted on a surface of the self-steering howitzer's chassis.
    Furthermore, it is assumed that howitzers falling within the scope of the claims according to the present invention can be designed so that they are suitable for disassembly and reassembly. Such suitability would allow transport of the howitzer by means of an even larger number of transport vehicles and, furthermore, would make it possible to replace individual worn parts without taking the howitzer out of service.
    Further embodiments within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. xa3054GB#.doc wšš*- 11 - .Rfiäaštfâäïåšëâås°'~^"V'S zuna -iz- 1 s1. A howitzer suitable for deployment on a ground plane, the howitzercomprising:i) a cannon comprising: a) aa-barrelfor firing a projectile, the barrel defining a barrel axisand having a muzzle towards the front end of the howitzer and a breech towards the back end of the howitzer; andb) a cradle for holding the barrel at an azimuth and an elevation;ii) a bearing for varying the azimuth of the cannon; andiii) a linkage for varying the elevation of the bearing.
    [2] 2. A howitzer according to claim 1, the linkage further comprising: a pivot body into which the bearing is mounted, the pivot body rotating about a trunnion axis so as to vary the elevation of the bearing; a front leg; a first pivotable joint connecting the front leg to the pivot body; a back leg; anda second pivotable joint connecting the back leg to the pivot body.
    [3] 3. A howitzer according to claim 2 wherein the trunnion axis is defined bythe second pivotable joint.
    [4] 4. . A howitzer according to claim 2 or claim 3 wherein the first pivotable jointis positioned ton/vard of the second pivotable joint such that when the pivot body rotates so as to vary the elevation of the bearing, the front leg counter-rotates relative to the pivot body.
    [5] 5. A howitzer according to any one of claims 2-4 wherein: the front leg comprises a front Iug extending generally upwards from the first pivotable joint; and Xa3054GB#.doc 10. . .__...._...,..__......._........__, _12- the back leg comprises a back lug extending generally upwards from the second pivotable joint; and the howitzer further comprises a link pivotally connected at one endto the front lug and pivotally connected at the other end to the back lug A howitzer according to any one of the claims 2-5 comprising:a back leg comprising an elongate member;a back leg axis defined by the elongate member; and an azimuth swivel plane defined by the bearing and the bearing axis ofrotation, wherein the back leg axis can intersect the azimuth swivel planeover a range of intersection angles, such that at the midpoint of the range, the back leg axis is generally within the azimuth swivel plane.A howitzer according to claim 6 wherein the range is approximately 70°.A howitzer according to any one of claims 2-7 wherein the front leg extends to rest on the ground at a foremost ground contact point and the back leg extends to rest on the ground at a backmost ground contactpoint such that the foremost ground contact point is situated below the barrel and substantially fon/vards of the howitzer's centre of gravity so as to be able to oppose the tipping moment induced during counter-recoil. A howitzer according to any one of claims 2-8 wherein the front leg isprovided with an extension mechanism such that the front leg extends as the bearing elevates.A howitzer according to claim 9 whereinthe front leg further comprises: a sleeve, one end of which connects to the pivot body at the first pivotable joint, and an arm slidable within the sleeve, xa3054GB#.doc 11. 12. .,...._.............. _13- wherein the howitzer further comprises: a compensating Iinkage pivotally connected to the pivot body at a firstIinkage end and pivotally connected to the arm at the second Iinkageend, such that the first Iinkage end is located backward of the first pivotable joint.A howitzer according to any one of claims 2-10 further comprising; an actuator, pivotally connected to the pivot body and the front leg, for varying the elevation of the bearing. A howitzer as hereinbefore described and with reference to the figures.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US20100236126A1|2010-09-23|System and Method for Improving Firearm Support
    US9649903B2|2017-05-16|Weapons platform, military vehicle comprising a weapons platform and method for operating a weapons platform
    CN109952487A|2019-06-28|Projectile target
    SE534055C2|2011-04-12|weapon sight
    EP1686346A1|2006-08-02|Firearm with improved accuracy in burst fire and device therefore
    SE0802579A1|2010-06-17|Field Cannon Trailer
    RU2235263C1|2004-08-27|Antiaircraft gun with a sighting device and a method ot its adjustment
    US8726784B2|2014-05-20|Field gun aim
    EP2906898B1|2018-10-10|Field gun
    CA2645613A1|2009-08-13|Field gun aim
    EP2138800A1|2009-12-30|Field gun carriage
    WO2010142930A1|2010-12-16|Field gun aim
    US8381634B2|2013-02-26|Field gun carriage
    WO2020095229A1|2020-05-14|Weapon assembly and turret comprising such an assembly
    EP0140053A2|1985-05-08|Mortar capable of being loaded on a vehicle
    JP6715139B2|2020-07-01|Multiple rocket launcher
    SE506417C2|1997-12-15|mortars
    SE534940C2|2012-02-21|Field cannon with adjustable elevation and adjustable traversal angles
    EP2730881A1|2014-05-14|Field gun
    GB2343110A|2000-05-03|Rifle support
    SE500600C2|1994-07-25|Grenade launcher with two or more fire pipes
    EP2110637A1|2009-10-21|Field gun
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB2455651A|2009-06-24|
    IT1398017B1|2013-02-04|
    GB0724686D0|2009-04-08|
    ITWX20080021A1|2009-06-19|
    DE102008062095A1|2009-10-08|
    US8011286B2|2011-09-06|
    GB0822988D0|2009-04-15|
    ES2373278A1|2012-02-02|
    GB2455651B|2010-05-26|
    US20090260513A1|2009-10-22|
    FR2928721A1|2009-09-18|
    SE0802580A1|2010-06-17|
    DE102008062095B4|2010-12-09|
    AU2008252018A1|2009-07-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1403818A|1914-02-14|1922-01-17|Krupp Ag|Wheeled gun carriage with spread-out trail|
    FR582371A|1925-01-16|1924-12-17|Anciens Ets Hotchkiss & Cie|Shooting blind against planes|
    CH216979A|1940-08-28|1941-09-30|Rheinmetall Borsig Ag|Shooting and chassis for large-caliber shoulder weapons, especially tank rifles.|
    US2467514A|1944-05-16|1949-04-19|United Shoe Machinery Corp|Direction-controlling mechanism for guns|
    US2407871A|1944-05-25|1946-09-17|United Shoe Machinery Corp|Direction-controlling mechanism for guns|
    BE530241A|1953-07-28|
    DE3311206A1|1983-03-26|1984-09-27|Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf|HEIGHT AND SIDE-ADJUSTABLE TUBE ARMS FOR THE LOWER AND UPPER ANGLE GROUP|
    DE3644907C2|1985-11-21|1998-07-16|Royal Ordnance Plc|Lightweight gun with elevation-dependent lifting of the tube cradle end|
    GB8829192D0|1988-12-14|1998-03-18|Vickers Shipbuilding & Eng|Improvements in or relating to field howitzers|
    GB2313178B|1988-12-14|1998-02-18|Vickers Shipbuilding & Eng|Improvements in or relating to field howitzers|
    SG108218A1|2000-01-12|2005-01-28|Ordnance Dev And Engineering C|Self-compensating spade assembly|
    GB0724687D0|2007-12-18|2009-04-08|Bae Systems Plc|Field Gun Tow|
    EP2138800A1|2008-06-26|2009-12-30|BAE Systems PLC|Field gun carriage|CN106267656A|2016-08-29|2017-01-04|长春远洋特种工业材料有限公司|A kind of discharger and the axis of trunnions thereof and reel cage anti-radial impact device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB0724686A|GB0724686D0|2007-12-18|2007-12-18|Field Gun Aim|
    [返回顶部]